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(No Model.)

R. LEACH.

KALEIDOSGOPE.

No. 314,586. Patented Mar. 31, 1885.

UNITED STATES ROBERT LEAOH, OF PROV 'PATENr @rrr-cie.

IDENOE, RHOD E l'SLAND.

KALEIDOSCOPE.

SPECIFCATON forming part of -Letters Patent No. S14-,586,dated Marcil 31, 1885.

11,1584. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, ROBERT Lnficrnof Providence, in the State of Rhode Island, have invented an Improvement in Kaleidoscopes, of lwhich the following is a specification.

The nature of my invention consists in the improved construction and arrangement of the several parts, whereby the kaleidoscope is made capable of a variety of changes, and is adapted for the convenient exhibition of opaque objects, as hereinafter set forth.

Figure l is a perspective view of' my improved kaleidoseope supported by a wire stand for exhibition. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 3 represents a front end elevation with the forward cap carrying the lens removed, and showing the reflectors held in a parallel position. Fig. 4 represents a rear end elevation with the transparent object-holder removed, and showing the reflectors in a parallel position, as in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 represents afront elevation with the forward cap removed, and showing the reflectors in an angular position. Fig. G represents a rear elevation with the transparent obj ect-holder removed, and showing the reflectors in an inclined position, as in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the movable reflector. Fig. 8 is a front end elevation of the same. Figs. 9 and l0 are end views of the `cap provided with double or i triple eyeglasses.

lu the accompanying drawings, A is the outer case or barrel; D, the removable glass object-holder; C, the removable cap for holding the lens; D, the fixed refiector, and D the movable refleetor,1nade of plate glass, and provided at about midway of its back with a rigidly-attached block, s, to which is secured the notched wire a, provided with a head,b,adapt ed for the convenient manipulation of the reflector within the case A. A transverse slot, E, provided at one side with notches c c, is made in the side ofthe ease A, and adapted to receive the notched wire a,thus serving to hold the refiector D in any required position intermediate between the extreme positions shown in Figs. 4L and 5.

Transversely within the cavity of the case A is secured the flexible clamping-strip d, one end of which is secured to the longitudinallyarranged downward-acting springe, fastened at one end to the stud f, and to the free end of the spring e is seen red the notched wire g, which passes loosely through the orifice 71made in the outer cases-nd to the outer end of which is secured the head i, adapted for the couvenient manipulation ofthe clamiliiing-stripLand exteriorly of the case A is placed the pivoted locking-catch t, which serves to lock the notched wire g in any required position. The glass objeetholder B is provided with a perforation,j, at its hemispherical end, adapted to receive the shaft 7s, fotheinner end of which is secured the turn-table F, upon which are to be placed the opaque objects G which are to be viewed through the lens H, the objects being suitably illu mina-ted by light which passes from the exterior directly through the cylindrical sides Z Z of the obj ect-holder B, and also by light reflected from the fixed mirrors m and a, arranged within the ease A at the rear end ofthe rcfiectors D and D', as shown in Figs. t and 6, sufficient vacant space being left between the mirrorsm and a for the proper inovement of the reflector D in makingthe required changes for producing the desired optical effects, the light being reflected from the mirrors la and a directly upon the surface of the objects G. rlhe outer end ofthe table-shaft l.; is provided with a milled head or spur-wheel, o, for the convenient manipulation of the object-table F, which at its inner side is covered with a textile material, K, preferably of' velvet, the outer edges of which are serrated, as shown in Fig. 2, the velvet surface being adapted to produce the required degree of friction to cause the objects G to revolve when the table is being turned, and the points of the serrations will operate mechanically upon the objects to produce the required degree of displacement and rearrangement of the several objects G. rlhe case A is provided with a partition, l, which is provided with an opening, p, adapted to form a guide or stop for the refiector D when at its two extreme positions, as shown in Figs. 8 and 5, and the mirror a also serves to forni a similar guide or stop to the outer end of' the reflector D', as shown in Figs. Li and G.

The instrument is held in an inclined elevated position by means of the stand J, so that the table F may be rotated by means of the head o, and the notches c in the slot rhin conjunction with the notches r of the wire a, pro- IOO vide a convenient means for placing the reector D in any desired position relatively to the plane of the Xed reflector D, and the clamping-strap d, which is adj ustably held by means ofthe notched wire gand pivoted locking-catch t, serves to clamp the reflector D in the desired position relatively to the plane ot' the xed reflector D.

In Fig. 9 two eyeglasses or lenses, H, are shown, thus adapting the instrument for biA nocular vision, by which a desirable solidity of appearance will be imparted to the objects within the illuminated chamber, and in Fig. 10 an arrangement of three eyeglasses is shown,

' any two of which may be used at a time, thus securing the desired appearance of solidity from different points of view.

The mirrors m and a, which are arranged transversely of the holding-case, are made to occupy the otherwise vacant space at the rear end ot' the reflectors, thus utilizing the said space for the purpose of increasing the light thrown upon the objects to be viewed, andthe transverse arrangement ofthe mirrors in the space between the reflectors and the outercase constitutes a valuableimprovement.

I claim as my inventionl. In a kaleidoscope, the combination ofthe transparent object-holder havingahemisplierical end with the revoluble object-holding table inclosed within the transparent objectholder, substantially as described.

2. The combination ofthe object-holder having transparent sides with the revoluble table provided with a frietional covering serrated at its edges, substantially as described.

3. Thecombination ofthe object-holderhaving transparent sides, the revoluble table for holding the objects, andthe mirrors for retlecting the light upon the face of the objects, substantially as described.

4C. The combination of the fixed reflector and the movable reflector,provided at its back with the notched adj usting-wire,with the outer case provided transversely with a notched slot adapted to receive the notched wire ofthe movable reflector, substantially as described.

5. The combination of thefixed reiiector,the movable reflector, and the outer case provided with the transverse partir-ion adapted to form a stop orguide for the extreme positions ofthe movable retiector, substantially as described.

6. The combination of thefixed reflector,the movable reiector, and the transverse clamping-strip adapted to hold the movable retlector in its required positions, substantially as dcscribed.

7. The combination ofthe object-holder having transparent sides, the revolublctable within the object-holder, the fixed reflector, the movable reiiector, and the end cap provided with the lenses for binocular vision, substair tially as described.

8. Thecombinationol"the fixed reilector,the movable rctlector, the transverse clampingstrip adapted to hold the movable retleetor in its required positions, the dow nwardacting spring, the notched liolding-wire,ainl thepivoted catch, substantially as described.

ROBERT LEACH. 

